期刊
NATURE
卷 486, 期 7402, 页码 222-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature11053
关键词
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资金
- National Institutes of Health [DK078669, T32-HD049338]
- St. Louis Children's Discovery Institute [MD112009-201]
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- National Science Foundation [CNS-0821794]
- University of Colorado, Boulder
- University of Colorado, Denver
- National Center for Atmospheric Research
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0959864] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Gut microbial communities represent one source of human genetic and metabolic diversity. To examine how gut microbiomes differ among human populations, here we characterize bacterial species in fecal samples from 531 individuals, plus the gene content of 110 of them. The cohort encompassed healthy children and adults from the Amazonas of Venezuela, rural Malawi and US metropolitan areas and included mono-and dizygotic twins. Shared features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome were identified during the first three years of life in all three populations, including age-associated changes in the genes involved in vitamin biosynthesis and metabolism. Pronounced differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires were noted between US residents and those in the other two countries. These distinctive features are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood. Our findings underscore the need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization.
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