期刊
NATURE
卷 483, 期 7389, 页码 289-U79出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature10838
关键词
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资金
- Searle Kinship Foundation
- Brain Research Foundation
- National Science Foundation [1049106]
- National Institutes of Health [R01 HD42330]
- University of Chicago
- Marine Biological Laboratory Frank R. Lillie Fellowship
- National Institute of Child Health and Development [1T32HD055164-01A1]
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [1F31NS074738-01A1]
- National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1049106] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Neuroectodermal signalling centres induce and pattern many novel vertebrate brain structures but are absent, or divergent, in invertebrate chordates. This has led to the idea that signalling-centre genetic programs were first assembled in stem vertebrates and potentially drove morphological innovations of the brain. However, this scenario presumes that extant cephalochordates accurately represent ancestral chordate characters, which has not been tested using close chordate outgroups. Here we report that genetic programs homologous to three vertebrate signalling centres-the anterior neural ridge, zona limitans intrathalamica and isthmic organizer-are present in the hemichordate Saccoglossus kowalevskii. Fgf8/17/18 (a single gene homologous to vertebrate Fgf8, Fgf17 and Fgf18), sfrp1/5, hh and wnt1 are expressed in vertebrate-like arrangements in hemichordate ectoderm, and homologous genetic mechanisms regulate ectodermal patterning in both animals. We propose that these genetic programs were components of an unexpectedly complex, ancient genetic regulatory scaffold for deuterostome body patterning that degenerated in amphioxus and ascidians, but was retained to pattern divergent structures in hemichordates and vertebrates.
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