4.8 Article

Insights into bilaterian evolution from three spiralian genomes

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NATURE
卷 493, 期 7433, 页码 526-531

出版社

NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nature11696

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资金

  1. Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
  2. Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
  3. National Science Foundation (NSF) [EF-0850294, I0S-0922792]
  4. National Institutes of Health (NIH) [RO1 GM 074619]
  5. Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds
  6. US National Human Genome Research Institute
  7. Direct For Biological Sciences
  8. Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1318772] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  9. Emerging Frontiers
  10. Direct For Biological Sciences [0850294] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

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Current genomic perspectives on animal diversity neglect two prominent phyla, the molluscs and annelids, that together account for nearly one-third of known marine species and are important both ecologically and as experimental systems in classical embryology(1-3). Here we describe the draft genomes of the owl limpet (Lottia gigantea), a marine polychaete (Capitella teleta) and a freshwater leech (Helobdella robusta), and compare them with other animal genomes to investigate the origin and diversification of bilaterians from a genomic perspective. We find that the genome organization, gene structure and functional content of these species are more similar to those of some invertebrate deuterostome genomes (for example, amphioxus and sea urchin) than those of other protostomes that have been sequenced to date (flies, nematodes and flatworms). The conservation of these genomic features enables us to expand the inventory of genes present in the last common bilaterian ancestor, establish the tripartite diversification of bilaterians using multiple genomic characteristics and identify ancient conserved long-and short-range genetic linkages across metazoans. Superimposed on this broadly conserved pan-bilaterian background we find examples of lineage-specific genome evolution, including varying rates of rearrangement, intron gain and loss, expansions and contractions of gene families, and the evolution of clade-specific genes that produce the unique content of each genome.

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