Urbanization induced environmental hazards from breakage hills in the karst geological region of Jinan City, China

Rapid urbanization has profoundly transformed the spatial pattern of urban land use, and the urban hills are facing changes in Jinan City. Urbanization has had and continues to have a negative impact on urban mountain area within city. With the rapid development of Jinan's urbanization and civilization, urban mountainous environment issues, such as destruction of mountain body, soil and water loss, soil erosion, and degeneration of vegetation, are becoming more serious. These have resulted in the serious natural hazards in the karst mountainous region of Jinan City, i.e. mining landslide, debris flow, and mountain collapse.