Distance-Based Residual Energy-Efficient Stable Election Protocol for WSNs

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprise nodes with restricted battery power that are deployed to observe some physical event within the sensor field. Information gathering is typical, but an important operation in several applications of WSNs. It is important to control the sensor network for longer period of time in an energy-efficient manner for gathering information. Hence, it is perpetually fascinating to design protocols that are energy efficient, have prolonged lifetime and can support event-driven applications. This paper proposes a protocol referred to as distance-based residual energy-efficient stable election protocol (DRESEP) that is nearly optimal for event-driven information gathering applications in sensor networks. The key idea of DRESEP is moving gathered information from sensor nodes to cluster head (CH) depending upon perceived changes. Dual-hop communication between CHs and base station is introduced to achieve energy minimization. Further, the results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms existing algorithms in terms of energy optimization and system lifetime.