期刊
NANOSCALE
卷 10, 期 1, 页码 416-427出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c7nr06069f
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资金
- U.S. DOE Office of Science Facilities, at Brookhaven National Laboratory [DE-SC0012704]
- NSF [DMR-1410568]
- Foundation for Polish Science
- EU under the European Regional Development Fund
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1410568] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
While the ultimate driving force in self-assembly is energy minimization and the corresponding evolution towards equilibrium, kinetic effects can also play a very strong role. These kinetic effects, such as trapping in metastable states, slow coarsening kinetics, and pathway-dependent assembly, are often viewed as complications to be overcome. Here, we instead exploit these effects to engineer a desired final nano-structure in a block copolymer thin film, by selecting a particular ordering pathway through the self-assembly energy landscape. In particular, we combine photothermal shearing with high-temperature annealing to yield hexagonal arrays of block copolymer cylinders that are aligned in a single prescribed direction over macroscopic sample dimensions. Photothermal shearing is first used to generate a highly-aligned horizontal cylinder state, with subsequent thermal processing used to reorient the morphology to the vertical cylinder state in a templated manner. Finally, we demonstrate the successful transfer of engineered morphologies into inorganic replicas.
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