期刊
NANOSCALE
卷 6, 期 7, 页码 3638-3646出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c3nr06734c
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资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSFC) [20903050]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University [Lzujbky-2012-22, Lzujbky-2012-79]
- National Science Foundation for Fostering Talents in Basic Research of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [J1103307]
- Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of the Central University
- Open Project of Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University [LZUMMM2013004]
- National College Students' Innovative Entrepreneurial Training Program of Lanzhou University [20130730096]
Different surfactantswere used in a typical hydrothermal process for controlling themorphology of the Co3O4 nanowire superstructure on Ni foam. It is easy for the Co3O4 nanowires to self-organize into nanowire microspheres on Ni foam in the absence of surfactants. And the nanowire microspheres gradually unfold into nanowire paddy fields with the addition of nonionic, cationic and anionic surfactants, respectively. The results of BET and electrochemical measurements show that the specific surface area and capacitance first decrease and then increase with the change in the Co3O4 superstructure morphology. Among these electrodes, the Co3O4 electrode with paddy like nanowires shows an outstanding specific capacitance of 1217.4 F g(-1) and areal specific capacitance as high as 6087 mF cm(-2) at 0.7 A g(-1) with high mass loading (5 mg cm(-2)), good power capability (showing a high specific capacitance of 835.1 F g(-1) (4176 mF cm(-2)) at 5 A g(-1)), excellent cycling stability and high columbic efficiency (similar to 100%). This exceptional performance is benefited from the almost monodispersed nanowire morphology and high specific surface area (121.4 m(2) g(-1)). At the same time, the asymmetric supercapacitor, employing the Co3O4 electrode with paddy-like nanowires as the positive electrode and the activated carbon electrode as the negative electrode, was successfully assembled. It shows a high specific energy and good long-term electrochemical stability. All these impressive results demonstrate that the Co3O4 electrode with paddy-like nanowires is promising for practical applications in supercapacitors.
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