期刊
NANOSCALE
卷 4, 期 16, 页码 4799-4829出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c2nr30663h
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资金
- Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal)
- COMPETE program [PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2011, PTDC/CTM/101324/2008]
- FEDER program [PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2011, PTDC/CTM/101324/2008]
- Integrated Spanish-Portuguese Action [PT2009-0131]
- Ministry of Education [MAT2007-61621, CONSOLIDER CSD2007-00010]
- Nanobiotec-CAPES network
- FCT [SFRH/BD/38472/2007, SFRH/BPD/34365/2006]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BPD/34365/2006, SFRH/BD/38472/2007] Funding Source: FCT
Non-invasive precise thermometers working at the nanoscale with high spatial resolution, where the conventional methods are ineffective, have emerged over the last couple of years as a very active field of research. This has been strongly stimulated by the numerous challenging requests arising from nanotechnology and biomedicine. This critical review offers a general overview of recent examples of luminescent and non-luminescent thermometers working at nanometric scale. Luminescent thermometers encompass organic dyes, QDs and Ln(3+) ions as thermal probes, as well as more complex thermometric systems formed by polymer and organic-inorganic hybrid matrices encapsulating these emitting centres. Non-luminescent thermometers comprise of scanning thermal microscopy, nanolithography thermometry, carbon nanotube thermometry and biomaterials thermometry. Emphasis has been put on ratiometric examples reporting spatial resolution lower than 1 micron, as, for instance, intracellular thermometers based on organic dyes, thermoresponsive polymers, mesoporous silica NPs, QDs, and Ln(3+)-based up-converting NPs and beta-diketonate complexes. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in the development for highly sensitive ratiometric thermometers operating at the physiological temperature range with submicron spatial resolution.
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