期刊
NANOMEDICINE
卷 13, 期 15, 页码 1939-1962出版社
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2018-0076
关键词
autophagy; cell function; immunotoxicity; MAPK pathway; nanomaterials; NLRP3 inflammasome activation; oxidative stress; proinflammatory response; SiNPs; Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81600904]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC1102605, 2016YFC1102603]
- Guangzhou Medical Science and Technology Project [20161A011090]
- Guangzhou Medical University [B185004177, 2015C43]
Silicon-based materials and their oxides are widely used in drug delivery, dietary supplements, implants and dental fillers. Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) interact with immunocompetent cells and induce immuno-toxicity. However, the toxic effects of SiNPs on the immune system have been inadequately reviewed. The toxicity of SiNPs to the immune system depends on their physicochemical properties and the cell type. Assessments of immunotoxicity include determining cell dysfunctions, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity. This review focuses on the immunotoxicity of SiNPs and investigates the underlying mechanisms. The main mechanisms were proinflammatory responses, oxidative stress and autophagy. Considering the toxicity of SiNPs, surface and shape modifications may mitigate the toxic effects of SiNPs, providing a new way to produce these nanomaterials with less toxic impaction.
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