期刊
NANO LETTERS
卷 14, 期 3, 页码 1234-1241出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl404118f
关键词
Molecular sieve; filter; ion selective membrane; desalination; nanofiltration
类别
资金
- King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia through the Center for Clean Water and Clean Energy at MIT
- KFUPM [R10-CW-09]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences [DE-SC0008059]
- Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy (JCI)
- National Science Foundation under NSF [ECS-0335765]
- National Science Foundation at MIT [DMR-0819762]
- U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-SC0008059] Funding Source: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)
We report selective ionic transport through controlled, high-density, subnanometer diameter pores in macroscopic single-layer graphene membranes. Isolated, reactive defects were first introduced into the graphene lattice through ion bombardment and subsequently enlarged by oxidative etching into permeable pores with diameters of 0.40 +/- 0.24 nm and densities exceeding 10(12) cm(-2), while retaining structural integrity of the graphene. Transport measurements across ion-irradiated graphene membranes subjected to in situ etching revealed that the created pores were cation-selective at short oxidation times, consistent with electrostatic repulsion from negatively charged functional groups terminating the pore edges. At longer oxidation times, the pores allowed transport of salt but prevented the transport of a larger organic molecule, indicative of steric size exclusion. The ability to tune the selectivity of graphene through controlled generation of subnanometer pores addresses a significant challenge in the development of advanced nanoporous graphene membranes for nanofiltration, desalination, gas separation, and other applications.
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