期刊
NANO LETTERS
卷 14, 期 2, 页码 716-723出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl403979s
关键词
Germanium nanowires; tin seed; lithium-ion battery; rate capability; network; porous
类别
资金
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) under the Principal Investigator Program [11PI-1148]
- EU FP7 funding - GREENLION Project [285268]
- Intel Ireland
- Irish Research Council
Here we report the formation of high-performance and high-capacity lithium-ion battery anodes from high-density germanium nanowire arrays grown directly from the current collector. The anodes retain capacities of similar to 900 mAh/g after 1100 cycles with excellent rate performance characteristics, even at very high discharge rates of 20-100C. We show by an ex situ high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy study that this performance can be attributed to the complete restructuring of the nanowires that occurs within the first 100 cycles to form a continuous porous network that is mechanically robust. Once formed, this restructured anode retains a remarkably stable capacity with a drop of only 0.01% per cycle thereafter. As this approach encompasses a low energy processing method where all the material is electrochemically active and binder free, the extended cycle life and rate performance characteristics demonstrated makes these anodes highly attractive for the most demanding lithium-ion applications such as long-range battery electric vehicles.
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