期刊
NANO LETTERS
卷 10, 期 5, 页码 1710-1716出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/nl100086e
关键词
Lithium ion battery; silicon; nanotubes; anisotropic expansion
类别
资金
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF), Korean Ministry of Education, Science AMP
- Technology (MEST) in 2009 [K2070400000307A050000310]
- Ministry of Education, Science & Technology (MoST), Republic of Korea [R31-2008-000-10092-0] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2010-00114] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
Silicon is a promising candidate for electrodes in lithium ion batteries due to its large theoretical energy density. Poor capacity retention, caused by pulverization of Si during cycling, frustrates its practical application. We have developed a nanostructured form of silicon, consisting of arrays of sealed, tubular geometries that is capable of accommodating large volume changes associated with lithiation in battery applications. Such electrodes exhibit high initial Coulombic efficiencies (i.e., >85%) and stable capacity-retention (>80% after 50 cycles), due to an unusual, underlying mechanics that is dominated by free surfaces. This physics is manifested by a strongly anisotropic expansion in which 400% volumetric increases are accomplished with only relatively small (<35%) changes in the axial dimension. These experimental results and associated theoretical mechanics models demonstrate the extent to which nanoscale engineering of electrode geometry can be used to advantage in the design of rechargeable batteries with highly reversible capacity and long-term cycle stability.
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