期刊
MRS BULLETIN
卷 39, 期 2, 页码 108-117出版社
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1557/mrs.2014.3
关键词
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资金
- NSF [DMR-1240933, DMR-1120901]
- NSFC [50925104, 51231005, 51321003]
- 973 Programs of China [2010CB631003, 2012CB619402]
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1240933] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Smaller is stronger. Nanostructured materials such as thin films, nanowires, nanoparticles, bulk nanocomposites, and atomic sheets can withstand non-hydrostatic (e.g., tensile or shear) stresses up to a significant fraction of their ideal strength without inelastic relaxation by plasticity or fracture. Large elastic strains, up to similar to 10%, can be generated by epitaxy or by external loading on small-volume or bulk-scale nanomaterials and can be spatially homogeneous or inhomogeneous. This leads to new possibilities for tuning the physical and chemical properties of a material, such as electronic, optical, magnetic, phononic, and catalytic properties, by varying the six-dimensional elastic strain as continuous variables. By controlling the elastic strain field statically or dynamically, a much larger parameter space opens up for optimizing the functional properties of materials, which gives new meaning to Richard Feynman's 1959 statement, there's plenty of room at the bottom.
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