期刊
SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY
卷 42, 期 3, 页码 466-473出版社
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.02.008
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资金
- Ressler Family Fund
- Dr. Robert Vigen Memorial Fund
- Wesley Coyle Memorial Fund
- Garcia-Corsini Family Fund
- Stand Up To Cancer Cancer Research Institute Cancer Immunology Dream Team Translational Research Grant [SU2C-AACR-DT1012]
- V Foundation-Gil Nickel Family Endowed Fellowship in Melanoma Research
- Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) for Translational Research in Reference Centers
- [P01 CA168585]
Immune-regulatory mechanisms are used by cancer to hide from the immune system. Advances and in-depth understanding of the biology of melanoma and its interaction with the immune system have led to the development of some of antagonistic antibodies to the programmed death 1 pathway (PD-1) and one of its ligands, programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), which are demonstrating high clinical benefit rates and tolerability. Blocking the immune-regulatory checkpoints that limit T-cell responses to melanoma upon PD-1/PD-L1 modulation has provided clinically validated targets for cancer immunotherapy. Combinations with other anti-melanoma agents may result in additional benefits. Nivolumab, pembrolizumab (formerly known as MK-3475 and lambrolizumab), and pidilizumab are anti PD-1 antibodies in clinical development for melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer, renal cell carcinoma, head and neck cancers, lymphoma, and several other cancers. Long-term survivors already have been reported with these therapies. In this review, we discuss the current state of anti PD-1 agents, the evidence in the literature to support the combination of anti PD-1 antibodies with other anticancer agents and discuss the future directions for rational design of clinical trials that keep on increasing the number of long-term survivors. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc.
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