Emulating galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing into the deeply non-linear regime: methodology, information, and forecasts

The combination of galaxy-galaxy lensing (GGL) with galaxy clustering is one of the most promising routes to determining the amplitude of matter clustering at low redshifts. We show that extending clustering+GGL analyses from the linear regime down to similar to 0.5 h(-1) Mpc scales increases their constraining power considerably, even after marginalizing over a flexible model of non-linear galaxy bias. Using a grid of cosmological N-body simulations, we construct a Taylor-expansion emulator that predicts the galaxy autocorrelation xi(gg)(r) and galaxy-matter cross-correlation xi(gm) (r) as a function of sigma(8), Omega(m), and halo occupation distribution (HOD) parameters, which are allowed to vary with large-scale environment to represent possible effects of galaxy assembly bias. We present forecasts for a fiducial case that corresponds to BOSS LOWZ galaxy clustering and SDSS-depth weak lensing (effective source density similar to 0.3 arcmin(-2)). Using tangential shear and projected correlation function measurements over 0.5 <= r(p) <= 30h(-1) Mpc yields a 2 per cent constraint on the parameter combination sigma(8)Omega(0.6)(m), a factor of two better than a constraint that excludes non-linear scales (r(p) > 2 h(-1) Mpc, 4 h(-1) Mpc for gamma(t) , omega(p)). Much of this improvement comes from the non-linear clustering information, which breaks degeneracies among HOD parameters. Increasing the effective source density to 3 arcmin(-2) sharpens the constraint on sigma(8)Omega(0.6 )(m)by a further factor of two. With robust modelling into the non-linear regime, low-redshift measurements of matter clustering at the 1-per cent level with clustering+GGL alone are well within reach of current data sets such as those provided by the Dark Energy Survey.