期刊
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
卷 481, 期 1, 页码 627-638出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty2298
关键词
stars: kinematics and dynamics; pulsars: general; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; globular clusters: individual: 47 Tucanae
资金
- PHAROS COST Action [CA16124]
- Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
- International Cooperation, Directorate General for the Country Promotion (Bilateral Grant Agreement - Mapping the Universe on the Pathway) [ZA14GR02]
Despite considerations of mass-loss from stellar evolution suggesting otherwise, the content of gas in globular clusters seems poor and hence its measurement very elusive. One way of constraining the presence of ionized gas in a globular cluster is through its dispersive effects on the radiation of the millisecond pulsars included in the cluster. This effect led Freire et al. to the first detection of any kind of gas in a globular cluster in the case of 47 Tucanae. By exploiting the results of 12 additional years of timing, as well as the observation of new millisecond pulsars in 47 Tucanae, we revisited this measurement: we first used the entire set of available timing parameters in order to measure the dynamical properties of the cluster and the three-dimensional position of the pulsars. Then we applied and tested various gas distribution models: assuming a constant gas density, we confirmed the detection of ionized gas with a number density of n = 0.23 +/- 0.05 cm(-3), larger than the previous determination (at 2 sigma uncertainty). Models predicting a decreasing density or following the stellar distribution density are highly disfavoured. We are also able to investigate the presence of an intermediate mass black hole in the centre of the cluster, showing that is not required by the available data, with an upper limit for the mass at similar to 4000 M-circle dot.
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