期刊
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
卷 400, 期 1, 页码 90-99出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15443.x
关键词
gamma-rays: bursts
资金
- NASA
- DOE SciDAC Program [DOE DE-FC02-06ER41438]
- Marie Curie European Re-Integration Grant [PERG03-GA-2008-226653]
- Icelandic Research Fund
- Russian Space Agency
- RFBR [09-02-00166a]
- ESO Telescopes [ID 081.D-0853]
- UK Science and Technology Facilities Council
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [PP/E001173/1, PP/E002064/1, ST/G009465/1, ST/F002599/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- UK Space Agency [ST/G008655/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/G009465/1, ST/F002599/1, PP/E001173/1, PP/E002064/1] Funding Source: UKRI
We follow the bright, highly energetic afterglow of Swift-discovered GRB 080721 at z = 2.591 out to 36 d or 3 x 10(6) s since the trigger in the optical and X-ray bands. We do not detect a break in the late-time light curve inferring a limit on the opening angle of theta(j) >= 7 degrees.3 and setting tight constraints on the total energy budget of the burst of E-gamma >= 9.9 x 10(51) erg within the fireball model. To obey the fireball model closure relations, the gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet must be expanding into a homogeneous surrounding medium and likely lies behind a significant column of dust. The energy constraint we derive can be used as an observational input for models of the progenitors of long GRBs: we discuss how such high collimation-corrected energies could be accommodated with certain parameters of the standard massive star core-collapse models. We can, however, most probably rule out a magnetar progenitor for this GRB which would require 100 per cent efficiency to reach the observed total energy.
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