Consumption of a grape extract supplement containing resveratrol decreases oxidized LDL and ApoB in patients undergoing primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: A triple-blind, 6-month follow-up, placebo-controlled, randomized trial

Scope The cardioprotective role of resveratrol as part of the human diet is not yet clear. Our aim was to investigate the effect of a grape supplement containing 8 mg resveratrol in oxidized LDL (LDLox), apolipoprotein-B (ApoB), and serum lipids on statin-treated patients in primary cardiovascular disease prevention (PCP). Methods and results A triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Seventy-five patients (three parallel arms) consumed one capsule (350 mg) daily for 6 months containing resveratrol-enriched grape extract (GE-RES, Stilvid (R)), grape extract (GE, similar polyphenolic content but no resveratrol), or placebo (maltodextrin). After 6 months, no changes were observed in the placebo group and only LDL cholesterol (LDLc) decreased by 2.9% (p = 0.013) in the GE group. In contrast, LDLc (-4.5%, p = 0.04), ApoB (-9.8%, p = 0.014), LDLox (-20%, p = 0.001), and LDLox/ApoB (-12.5%, p = 0.000) decreased in the Stilvid (R) group, whereas the ratio non-HDLc (total atherogenic cholesterol load)/ApoB increased (8.5%, p = 0.046). No changes were observed in hepatic, thyroid, and renal function. No adverse effects were observed in any of the patients. Conclusion This GE-RES reduced atherogenic markers and might exert additional cardioprotection beyond the gold-standard medication in patients from PCP. The presence of resveratrol in the GE was necessary to achieve these effects.