期刊
MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 26, 期 7, 页码 1203-1212出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1210/me.2012-1004
关键词
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资金
- Swedish Research Council
- Region Skane
- Scania University Hospital
- Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
- EFSD-Lilly
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Swedish Diabetes Foundation
- Kungliga Fysiografiska Sallskapet in Lund
- Pahlsson
- Soderberg
- Linne Grant [B31 5631/2006]
- Exodiab
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- EuroDia 6th Framework Program
Mutations in pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) can cause a monogenic form of diabetes (maturity onset diabetes of the young 4) in humans, and silencing Pdx-1 in pancreatic beta-cells of mice causes diabetes. However, it is not established whether epigenetic alterations of PDX-1 influence type 2 diabetes (T2D) in humans. Here we analyzed mRNA expression and DNA methylation of PDX-1 in human pancreatic islets from 55 nondiabetic donors and nine patients with T2D. We further studied epigenetic regulation of PDX-1 in clonal beta-cells. PDX-1 expression was decreased in pancreatic islets from patients with T2D compared with nondiabetic donors (P = 0.0002) and correlated positively with insulin expression (rho = 0.59, P = 0.000001) and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (rho = 0.41, P = 0.005) in the human islets. Ten CpG sites in the distal PDX-1 promoter and enhancer regions exhibited significantly increased DNA methylation in islets from patients with T2D compared with nondiabetic donors. DNA methylation of PDX-1 correlated negatively with its gene expression in the human islets (rho = -0.64, P = 0.0000029). Moreover, methylation of the human PDX-1 promoter and enhancer regions suppressed reporter gene expression in clonal beta-cells (P = 0.04). Our data further indicate that hyperglycemia decreases gene expression and increases DNA methylation of PDX-1 because glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) correlates negatively with mRNA expression (rho = -0.50, P = 0.0004) and positively with DNA methylation (rho = 0.54, P = 0.00024) of PDX-1 in the human islets. Furthermore, while Pdx-1 expression decreased, Pdx-1 methylation and Dnmt1 expression increased in clonal beta-cells exposed to high glucose. Overall, epigenetic modifications of PDX-1 may play a role in the development of T2D, given that pancreatic islets from patients with T2D and beta-cells exposed to hyperglycemia exhibited increased DNA methylation and decreased expression of PDX-1. The expression levels of PDX-1 were further associated with insulin secretion in the human islets. (Molecular Endocrinology 26: 1203-1212, 2012)
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