期刊
MOLECULAR CELL
卷 49, 期 2, 页码 262-272出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2012.11.013
关键词
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资金
- ERC Starting Grant
- EMBO Young Investigator Award
- Wellcome Trust [WT062023, WT098051]
- University of Cambridge
- Cancer Research UK
- Canadian Institutes for Health Research
- Commonwealth Scholarship Commission
- European Commission Marie Curie Actions
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- EMBL
- Cancer Research UK [22310, 15603] Funding Source: researchfish
At least half of the human genome is derived from repetitive elements, which are often lineage specific and silenced by a variety of genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Using a transchromosomic mouse strain that transmits an almost complete single copy of human chromosome 21 via the female germline, we show that a heterologous regulatory environment can transcriptionally activate transposon-derived human regulatory regions. In the mouse nucleus, hundreds of locations on human chromosome 21 newly associate with activating histone modifications in both somatic and germline tissues, and influence the gene expression of nearby transcripts. These regions are enriched with primate and human lineage-specific transposable elements, and their activation corresponds to changes in DNA methylation at CpG dinucleotides. This study reveals the latent regulatory potential of the repetitive human genome and illustrates the species specificity of mechanisms that control it.
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