期刊
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
卷 31, 期 9, 页码 2542-2550出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msu200
关键词
divergence time; timetree; incomplete data
资金
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) [HG002096-12, HG006039-02]
- National Science Foundation [DBI-0850013]
- [NIH R25 GM099650]
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1445187] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Scientists are assembling sequence data sets from increasing numbers of species and genes to build comprehensive timetrees. However, data are often unavailable for some species and gene combinations, and the proportion of missing data is often large for data sets containing many genes and species. Surprisingly, there has not been a systematic analysis of the effect of the degree of sparseness of the species-genematrix on the accuracy of divergence time estimates. Here, we present results from computer simulations and empirical data analyses to quantify the impact of missing gene data on divergence time estimation in large phylogenies. We found that estimates of divergence times were robust even when sequences from a majority of genes for most of the species were absent. From the analysis of such extremely sparse data sets, we found that the most egregious errors occurred for nodes in the tree that had no common genes for any pair of species in the immediate descendant clades of the node in question. These problematic nodes can be easily detected prior to computational analyses based only on the input sequence alignment and the tree topology. We conclude that it is best to use larger alignments, because adding both genes and species to the alignment augments the number of genes available for estimating divergence events deep in the tree and improves their time estimates.
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