期刊
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
卷 30, 期 7, 页码 1495-1499出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/mst075
关键词
phenotypic adaptation; molecular adaptation; visual pigments; ancestral phenotypes
资金
- National Institutes of Health [R01EY016400]
- Emory University
For over the last 2 decades, positively selected amino acid sites have been inferred almost exclusively by showing that the number of nonsynonymous substitutions per nonsynonymous site (dn) is greater than that of synonymous substitutions per synonymous site (ds). However, virtually none of these statistical results have been experimentally tested and remain as hypotheses. To perform such experimental tests, we must connect genotype and phenotype and relate the phenotypic changes to the environmental and behavioral changes of the organism. The genotype-phenotype relationship can be established only by synthesizing and manipulating proper ancestral phenotypes, whereas the actual functions of adaptive mutations can be learned by studying their chemical roles in phenotypic changes.
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