期刊
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
卷 28, 期 1, 页码 459-471出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msq235
关键词
speciation; gene flow; hybridization; fungi; pathogen; Microbotryum violaceum
资金
- Ile de France Region
- Consortium National de Recherche en Genomique
- service de systematique moleculaire of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle [CNRS IFR 101]
- Genoscope [2005/67]
- Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle [2005/67]
- [ANR 06-BLAN-0201]
- [ANR 07-BDIV-003]
- [NSF-DEB 0747222]
Sympatry of species that lack complete prezygotic isolation is ideal for the study of how species can be maintained in the face of potential gene flow. This is particularly important in the context of emerging diseases on new hosts because pathogen adaptation is facilitated by reduced gene flow from ancestral populations. Here, we investigated divergence and gene flow between two closely related fungal species, Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae and M. silenes-dioicae, causing anther-smut disease on the wide-spread plant species Silene latifolia and S. dioica, respectively. Using model-based clustering algorithms on microsatellite data from samples across Europe, we identified rare disease transmission between the host species and rare pathogen hybrids. Using a coalescent-based approach and an isolation-with-migration model, the age of divergence between the two fungal species was estimated at approximately 4.2 x 10(5) years. Levels of gene flow were low and concentrated in very recent times. In addition, gene flow appeared unidirectional from M. silenes-dioicae to M. lychnidis-dioicae. Altogether, our findings are consistent with a scenario of recurrent introgressive hybridization but at a very low level and through secondary contact following initial divergence in allopatry. Asymmetry in the direction of gene flow mirrors previous findings on introgression between the two host plants. Our study highlights the consequences of bringing closely related pathogens into contact, which is increasing through modern global changes and favors cross-species disease transmission, hybridization, and introgression by pathogens.
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