期刊
SCIENCE
卷 349, 期 6254, 页码 1343-1347出版社
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aab2319
关键词
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资金
- Human Frontiers in Science Program Organization [LT00320/2014]
- Danish Council for Independent Research [DFF-YDUN]
- Villum Foundation
- Steno Diabetes Center
- NIH [R01-HG003229]
- Leverhulme Programme Grant [RP2011-R-045]
- University of California-Merced startup funds
- Karen Elise Jensen's Foundation
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- Danish Medical Research Council
- Vejle Hospital
- Villum Fonden [00007171] Funding Source: researchfish
The indigenous people of Greenland, the Inuit, have lived for a long time in the extreme conditions of the Arctic, including low annual temperatures, and with a specialized diet rich in protein and fatty acids, particularly omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A scan of Inuit genomes for signatures of adaptation revealed signals at several loci, with the strongest signal located in a cluster of fatty acid desaturases that determine PUFA levels. The selected alleles are associated with multiple metabolic and anthropometric phenotypes and have large effect sizes for weight and height, with the effect on height replicated in Europeans. By analyzing membrane lipids, we found that the selected alleles modulate fatty acid composition, which may affect the regulation of growth hormones. Thus, the Inuit have genetic and physiological adaptations to a diet rich in PUFAs.
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