Dysfunctional resting-state connectivities of brain regions with structural deficits in drug-naive first-episode schizophrenia adolescents

Objective: Individuals with adolescent-onset schizophrenia (AOS) are a subgroup of patients who present clinical symptoms between 13 and 18 years of age. Little is known about neurodevelopmental abnormalities in this patient population. The present study was to examine possible resting-state dysfunctional connectivity of brain regions with altered gray matter volume in AOS. Methods: Gray matter volume was investigated by voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis. Resting-state functional connectivity analysis was used to examine the correlations between regions with structural deficits and the remaining regions. Results: Thirty-seven first-episode schizophrenia adolescents and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. Compared to the controls, the patients showed significantly decreased gray matter volumes in the right superior temporal gyrus (STG) and middle temporal gyrus (MTG) (ps < 0.05). With the right STG as seed, significantly reduced connectivities were found within the frontal-temporal networks in the patient group (ps < 0.05). With the right MTG as seed, the patient group showed significantly reduced connectivities in the default-mode networks and visual networks (ps < 0.05). Compared to significant correlations in the controls (p = 0.02), the patients had no observed correlations between functional connectivity of the right STG and gray matter volume of this region. Significant positive correlations were found between functional connectivity of the right STG with the left middle frontal gyrus and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total scores (p = 0.048) after controlling the confounding variables. Conclusions: These findings show dysfunctional resting-state connectivities of the right STG and MTG with decreased gray matter volume in adolescents with AOS, suggesting that neurodevelopmental abnormalities may be present in AOS. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.