期刊
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
卷 41, 期 5, 页码 1183-1191出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbu187
关键词
bias; beads task; delusion; jumping to conclusions; meta-analysis; schizophrenia
类别
资金
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders grant [CE110001021]
- ARC Future Fellowship [FT110100631]
- MQRES PhD scholarship by Macquarie University
- Australian Research Council [FT110100631] Funding Source: Australian Research Council
It has been claimed that delusional and delusion-prone individuals have a tendency to gather less data before forming beliefs. Most of the evidence for this jumping to conclusions (JTC) bias comes from studies using the beads task data-gathering paradigm. However, the evidence for the JTC bias is mixed. We conducted a random-effects meta-analysis of individual participant data from 38 clinical and nonclinical samples (n = 2,237) to investigate the relationship between data gathering in the beads task (using the draws to decision measure) and delusional ideation (as indexed by the Peters et al Delusions Inventory; PDI). We found that delusional ideation is negatively associated with data gathering (r(s) = -0.10, 95% CI [-0.17, -0.03]) and that there is heterogeneity in the estimated effect sizes (Q-stat P =.03, I-2 = 33). Subgroup analysis revealed that the negative association is present when considering the 23 samples (n = 1,754) from the large general population subgroup alone (r(s) = -0.10, 95% CI [-0.18, -0.02]) but not when considering the 8 samples (n = 262) from the small current delusions subgroup alone (r(s) = -0.12, 95% CI [-0.31, 0.07]). These results provide some provisional support for continuum theories of psychosis and cognitive models that implicate the JTC bias in the formation and maintenance of delusions.
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