Effect of the top electrode material on the resistive switching of TiO2 thin film

Effect of the top electrode (TE) metal on the resistive switching of(TE)/TiO2/Pt structure was investigated. It was confirmed that the potential barrier height between the metal and TiO2 is an important factor on the resistive switching characteristics. When high Schottky barrier was formed with the TiO2 film, using Pt or Au as a top electrode, both stable URS (unipolar) and BRS (bipolar resistive switching) characteristics were observed depending on the current compliance level. In the case of Ag, which forms a relatively low Schottky barrier, only BRS characteristics were observed, regardless of the current compliance level. In the case of Ni and Al, which have similar work function as Ag, unstable URS and BRS at very low current compliance levels were observed due to a chemical reaction at the interface. For the Ti electrode, resistive switching was not observed, because the work function of Ti is lower than that of TiO2 and TiO phase was formed at the interface (Ti/TiOx contact is ohmic). (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.