Design, synthesis, and evaluation of isoniazid derivatives acting as potent anti-inflammatory and anthelmintic agents via Betti reaction

A novel synthesis of isoniazid derivatives achieved by the condensation of aldehydes, isoniazid, and phenols via Betti reaction has been described. The reactions were carried out at room temperature using fluorite as catalyst. The catalyst is efficient, benign, reusable, cost-effective, and ecofriendly. The novel synthesized moieties were characterized on the basis of H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. All the synthesized agents 4(a-j) were examined for their potential in vivo anti-inflammatory activity on Wistar albino rats using a standard reference drug, diclofenac. These synthesized derivatives were further screened for their potent in vitro anthelmintic activity using a standard reference drug, albendazole on Indian earthworms, Pheretima post-huma. A correlation of structure and activity relationship of these compounds with respect to Lipinski's rule of five, drug likeness, toxicity profiles, and other physico-chemical properties of drugs is described.