Circulating leptin, resistin, adiponectin, visfatin, adipsin and ghrelin levels and insulin resistance in postmenopausal women with and without the metabolic syndrome

Objective: To measure serum levels of adipsin, leptin, resistin, adiponectin, visfatin, ghrelin and insulin in postmenopausal women screened for the metabolic syndrome (METS). Methods: Serum of 100 postmenopausal women was analyzed using multiplex technology for the mentioned analytes. In addition, values for the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. Comparisons were performed in accordance to the presence or not of the METS and each of its components. Criteria of the American Heart Association were used to define the METS. Results: Age and time since menopause onset were similar in women with the METS (n = 57) as compared to those without the syndrome (n = 43). METS women displayed significantly higher levels of adipsin, leptin, resistin, insulin and HOMA-IR values and lower adiponectin levels. These differences were mainly observed among women with abdominal obesity, independent of fulfilling METS criteria or not. In this same sense, lower adiponectin levels significantly related to low HDL-C and high triglyceride levels; and higher insulin and HOMA-IR values related to high triglyceride and glucose levels, respectively. Conclusion: In this sample, postmenopausal women with the METS displayed higher insulin and adipokine levels. These were mainly related to abdominal obesity and metabolic and lipid abnormalities. More research is warranted in this regard. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.