期刊
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
卷 43, 期 8-9, 页码 2119-2129出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.09.021
关键词
intercalation reactions; sol-gel chemistry; X-ray diffraction; electrochemical properties; energy storage
Nano-sized particles of spinel LiMn2O4 and LiCrxMn2-xO4 (x = Cr; 0.00-0.40) have been synthesized using phthalic acid as chelating agent for the first time by sol-gel method. When compared to solid-state synthesis method, the sol-gel route reduces heating time of synthesize and to obtain particles of uniform surface morphology. The synthesized samples were characterized through thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). SEM images of the parent compounds show nanospherical grains of LiMn2O4 when compared to chromium-doped ones. XRD patterns of LiMn2O4 ascertain amorphous nature and for high calcined LiCrxMn2-xO4 single phase highly crystalline patterns were obtained. TEM images of the parent and chromium-doped spinel particles depict individual grain morphology with well-separated grain boundaries. LiCr0.10Mn1.90O4 excels in discharge and cycling behaviour and offer higher columbic efficiency, when compared to un-doped LiMn2O4. Cyclic voltammograms of LiMn2O4 and LiCrxMn2-xO4 exhibit oxidation and reduction peaks corresponding to Mn3+/Mn4+ and Cr3+/Cr4+. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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