Residual Stresses, Surface Roughness, and Tool Wear in Hard Turning: A Comprehensive Review

Hard turning is used in the manufacturing industry as an economic alternative to grinding, but the reliability of hard turning processes is often unpredictable. The main factors affecting the reliability of hard turning are surface integrity and tool wear. In the present study, an attempt has been made to investigate the effect of cutting parameters on surface roughness, tool wear, and residual stress distribution in hard turning. This article brings out the comprehensive analysis of the effects of cutting parameters on surface roughness, residual stress, and tool wear.