Design principle of single- or double-layer wave-absorbers containing left-handed materials

The physical models of single- or double-layer microwave absorbers containing left-handed materials as well as their corresponding design principles and methods are proposed. The theoretically derived calculation formulae that may be used in the design procedures are also presented. Finally, a design example is given. The results obtained may be useful to the researchers and designers working in the area of microwave absorber theory, technology and engineering. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.