期刊
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
卷 62, 期 12, 页码 2588-2597出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2011.09.025
关键词
Microplastics; Marine litter; Plastic debris; Priority pollutant
资金
- NERC
- Department of the Environment, Fisheries and Rural Affairs, UK [ME5413]
- Natural Environment Research Council [1185064] Funding Source: researchfish
Since the mass production of plastics began in the 1940s, microplastic contamination of the marine environment has been a growing problem. Here, a review of the literature has been conducted with the following objectives: (1) to summarise the properties, nomenclature and sources of microplastics; (2) to discuss the routes by which microplastics enter the marine environment; (3) to evaluate the methods by which microplastics are detected in the marine environment; (4) to assess spatial and temporal trends of microplastic abundance; and (5) to discuss the environmental impact of microplastics. Microplastics are both abundant and widespread within the marine environment, found in their highest concentrations along coastlines and within mid-ocean gyres. Ingestion of microplastics has been demonstrated in a range of marine organisms, a process which may facilitate the transfer of chemical additives or hydrophobic waterborne pollutants to biota. We conclude by highlighting key future research areas for scientists and policymakers. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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