期刊
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
卷 491, 期 -, 页码 265-+出版社
INTER-RESEARCH
DOI: 10.3354/meps10487
关键词
Fisheries bycatch; Geographic assignment; Trace elements; Stable isotopes; Flesh-footed shearwater; Puffinus carneipes
资金
- Commonwealth Environment Research Facilities Programme
- CSIRO Marine Biodiversity and Conservation Management Research Grant
- Gould League NSW Cayley Memorial Scholarship for Avian Science
- Government of Australia Endeavour Research Fellowship
- Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Royal Navy Bird Watching Society Captain Simpson Scholarship
- Environment Canada
- W. V. Scott Charitable Trust
An emerging issue in seabird conservation is the ability to link at-sea mortality with observed demographic changes at breeding colonies. Applications of modelling and biochemical markers can be used to assign mortalities of unknown provenance to a colony of origin ensuring conservation actions are targeted at those colonies identified as the most affected. We analysed feathers (n = 120) from flesh-footed shearwater Puffinus carneipes collected from 5 breeding colonies throughout their range. Using stable isotopes (delta N-15 and delta C-13) and trace element concentrations (Mn, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, Ba, Pb), we assigned birds recovered from fishing vessels off Australia, New Zealand, and the North Pacific to colony of origin, and investigated the rate of correct assignment at 3 spatial scales. Using quadratic discriminant analysis, samples of known origin were correctly assigned to basin, region, and breeding colonies at similar rates (92.3, 81.3, and 88.1%, respectively). Stable isotopes succeeded in assigning individuals among basins (72.8%), performing less well at the region and colony level (52.5 and 36.4%, respectively). In contrast, correct assignment was consistent at all 3 scales using only trace elements (93.2, 95.7, and 96.6%, respectively). Applying our final model based on trace elements to 116 flesh-footed shearwaters taken as bycatch in eastern Australia (n = 30), Western Australia (n = 32), New Zealand (n = 16), eastern North Pacific (n = 27) and western North Pacific (n = 11), we assigned individuals to colonies in New Zealand (35.3%), Western/ South Australia (36.2%), Western Australia (27.6%), and Lord Howe Island (0.9%). Bycatch in fisheries may help explain ongoing declines in flesh-footed shearwater populations across the species' range, highlighting the utility of assignment tools to account for unobservable mortality of wildlife at-sea.
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