期刊
MACROMOLECULES
卷 46, 期 2, 页码 352-361出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ma301770a
关键词
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资金
- China Scholarship Council (CSC) [2009688004]
- Swiss SNF [200020-124393]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [N703 ISOTEC]
- Austrian Research Agency [FFG 819718]
- European Science Foundation (ESF)
- P2M network
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200020_124393] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
The development of practical two-photon absorption photoinitiators (TPA PIs) has been slow due to their complicated syntheses often reliant on expensive catalysts. These shortcomings have been a critical obstruction for further advances in the promising field of two-photon-induced photopolymerization (TPIP) technology. This paper describes a series of linear and cyclic benzylidene ketone-based two-photon initiators containing double bonds and dialkylamino groups synthesized in one step via classical aldol condensation reactions. Systematic investigations of structure-activity relationships were conducted via quantum-chemical calculations and experimental tests. These results showed that the size of the central ring significantly affected the excited state energetics and emission quantum yields as well as the two-photon initiation efficiency. In the TPIP tests the 4-methylcyclohexanone-based initiator displayed much broader ideal processing windows than its counterparts with a central five-membered ring and previously described highly active TPA PIs. Surprisingly, a writing speed as high as 80 mm/s was obtained for the microfabrication of complex 3D structures employing acrylate-based formulations. These highly active TPA PIs also exhibit excellent thermal stability and remain inert to one-photon excitation. Straightforward synthesis combined with high TPA initiation efficiency makes these novel initiators promising candidates for commercialization.
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