One-Pot Synthesis of Block Copolymers by a Combination of Living Cationic and Controlled Radical Polymerization

The reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) process represents a sophisticated polymerization technique for the preparation of tailored and well-defined polymers from acrylates, acrylamides, and (meth)acrylates. The direct switching from other methods, such as cationic polymerizations, without the need for tedious functionalization and purification steps remains challenging. Within this study, it is demonstrated that poly(2-oxazoline) (P(Ox)) macro chain-transfer agents (macro-CTAs) can be prepared through the quenching of the cationic ring-opening polymerization with a carbonotrithioate salt. The end-functionalization of the P(Ox)s is observed to be almost quantitative and the macro-CTAs could be directly used for RAFT polymerization without further purification. This one-pot procedure could be extended to a variety of (multi)block copolymers consisting of different 2-oxazolines and acrylates with good-to-excellent control. Kinetic studies revealed the controlled polymerization of block copolymers, which are further accessible for alpha- and omega-end-functionalization. The simplicity and versatility of the approach promise a straightforward access to block copolymers from cationic and controlled radical polymerizations.