Protein Biochips: Oriented Surface Immobilization of Proteins

Substantial progress in biochip technologies has established an efficient and reliable platform for advanced biological and biomedical applications. In particular, the use of protein biochips in high-throughput screens provides high content information. We briefly introduce here recent developments in protein biochip preparation with a special focus on our own work on new methods for protein immobilization and protein microarray fabrication, including the application of the Diels-Alder reaction, Staudinger ligation, 'click' sulfonamide formation, and the photochemical thiol-ene reaction. These chemical methods allow for oriented, site-specific protein conjugation on solid surfaces with high sensitivity and specificity under mild, aqueous conditions.