Contributions toward a new taxonomy of Central European freshwater species of the lichen genus Thelidium (Verrucariales, Ascomycota)

The morphological circumscription Of Selected Central European freshwater species, in the lichen genus Thelidium was re-examined against the background of a molecular phylogeny based on ITS sequences. Molecular data reveal a close relationship between Thelidium methorium, T pertusatii and Verrucaria latebrosa contradicting the traditional separation of Verrucaria and Thelidium by ascospore septation. Thelidium methorium and T. pertusatii are closely related species. The distinction of Thelidium methorium and T.submethorium was supported both by difference in ITS sequences and morphology. Thelidium minutulum, T. pluvium and T. zwackhii form a distinct clade with small perithecia and a thin or absent involucrellum. Thelidium rehmii and T. minutulum differ morphologically only in larger variability of ascospore length and the arrangement of photobiont cells, but are clearly seperated by their ITS sequences as well their ecological requirements. An identification key for epilithic freshwater species of Thelidium in Central Europe is given, a lectotype for T. pertusatii is chosen, and detailed remarks for each species are provided.