Low expression of Abelson interactor-1 is linked to acquired drug resistance in Bcr-Abl-induced leukemia

The basis for persistence of leukemic stem cells in the bone marrow microenvironment remains poorly understood. We present evidence that signaling cross-talk between alpha 4 integrin and Abelson interactor-1 (Abi-1) is involved in the acquisition of an anchorage-dependent phenotype and drug resistance in Bcr-Abl-positive leukemia cells. Comparison of Abi-1 (ABI-1) and alpha 4 integrin (ITGA4) gene expression in relapsing Bcr-Abl-positive CD34 + progenitor cells demonstrated a reduction in Abi-1 and an increase in alpha 4 integrin mRNA in the absence of Bcr-Abl mutations. This inverse correlation between Abi-1 and alpha 4 integrin expression, as well as linkage to elevated phospho-Akt and phospho-Erk signaling, was confirmed in imatinib mesylate -resistant leukemic cells. These results indicate that the alpha 4-Abi-1 signaling pathway may mediate acquisition of the drug-resistant phenotype of leukemic cells.