Correlation between ablation efficiency and nanoparticle generation during the short-pulse laser ablation of metals

The mechanisms of material ablation and nanoparticle generation from metal samples exposed to intense short laser pulses are experimentally investigated. We performed measurements of the ablated volume using optical microscopy and the analysis of the ablation plume by fast imaging. The results confirm the existence of two distinguished ablation regimes as a function of the laser fluence, and give a deeper insight in the involved physical mechanisms. Thus, both regimes are found to be related to the relative amount of atoms and nanoparticles within the plume. Comparing the results obtained for copper and gold, it is possible to determine the influence of electron-lattice coupling on the sample heat regime and the resulting plume properties.