Bioinspired Multiple-Interaction Model Revealed in Adsorption of Low-Density Lipoprotein to Surface Containing Saccharide and Alkanesulfonate

A new multiple-interaction model for low-density lipoprotein (LDL) adsorption to a specific surface containing saccharide and alkanesulfonate ligands is proposed. The model suggests that there are interactions of the saccharide component beyond electrostatic interactions of the alkanesulfonate component that both influence the LDL adsorption process. This concept of multiple interactions between saccharide and LDL was inspired by the similarity in structures of LDL receptors (LDLR), heparin, and heparans used in LDL-apheresis. The model was confirmed by SPR analysis by the adsorption maxima on SAM surfaces with different compositions of saccharide and alkanesulfonate and additionally by CD detection of the conformation of LDL when in contact with saccharide.