pH-Amplified Exponential Growth Multilayers: A Facile Method to Develop Hierarchical Micro- and Nanostructured Surfaces

We report a direct method to amplify the exponential growth of multilayers significantly by the alternating deposition of polyethylenimine (PEI) at high pH and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) at low pH. The alternating pH switches the degree of ionization of the polyelectrolytes in the multilayers, which enhances the diffusion of PEI into and out of the film and hence increases the deposited mass percycle. The synergetic action of the pH-tunable charge density and diffusivity of the weak polyelectrolytes provides a new method for the enhanced growth of multilayers with hierarchal micro- and nanostructured surfaces.