We report that SWCNTs substantially improve the uniformity and coverage of TiO(2) coatings on porous ZrO(2) ceramic membrane filters. The ZrO(2) filters were dip coated with 100 nm anatase TiO(2), TiO(2)/SWCNT composites, a TiO(2)+SWCNT mixture, and a TiO(2)/MWCNT composite at pH 3, 5, and 8. Whereas the TiO(2)+SWCNT mixture and the TiO(2)/MWCNT composite promote better coverage and less clumping than TiO(2) alone, the TiO(2)/SWCNT composite forms a complete uniform coating without cracking at pH 5 (similar to 100% coverage). A combination of chemical and electrostatic effects between TiO(2) and SWCNTs forming the composite as well as between the composite and the ZrO(2) surface explains these observations.
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