期刊
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
卷 46, 期 2, 页码 327-343出版社
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291715001981
关键词
Disasters; epidemiology; injury; revictimization; trauma; violence
资金
- Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing
- Sao Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey: State of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) Thematic Project [03/00204-3]
- Bulgarian Epidemiological Study of Common Mental Disorders (EPIBUL): Ministry of Health
- National Center for Public Health Protection
- Colombian National Study of Mental Health (NSMH): Ministry of Social Protection
- Mental Health Study Medellin: Center for Excellence on Research in Mental Health (CES University)
- European Study of the Epidemiology Of Mental Disorders (ESEMED): European Commission [QLG5-1999-01042, SANCO 2004123, EAHC 20081308]
- Piedmont Region (Italy)
- Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain [FIS 00/0028]
- Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Spain [SAF 2000-158-CE]
- Departament de Salut, Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain, Instituto de Salud Carlos III [CIBER CB06/02/0046, RETICS RD06/0011 REM-TAP]
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Israel National Health Survey: Israel National Institute for Health Policy and Health Services Research
- Israel National Health Survey: National Insurance Institute of Israel
- WMH Japan Survey from the Japan Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare [H13-SHOGAI-023, H14-TOKUBETSU-026, H16-KOKORO-013]
- Lebanese National Mental Health Survey (L.E.B.A.N.O.N.): Lebanese Ministry of Public Health
- WHO (Lebanon)
- National Institute of Health/Fogarty International Center [R03 TW006481-01]
- Sheikh Hamdan Bin Rashid Al Maktoum Award for Medical Sciences
- AstraZeneca
- Eli Lilly
- Hikma Pharmaceuticals
- Janssen Cilag
- Lundbeck
- Novartis
- Servier
- Mexico National Comorbidity Survey (MNCS): National Institute of Psychiatry Ramon de la Fuente [INPRFMDIES 4280]
- National Council on Science and Technology [CONACyT-G30544-H]
- PAHO
- Te Rau Hinengaro: The New Zealand Mental Health Survey (NZMHS): New Zealand Ministry of Health
- Alcohol Advisory Council
- Health Research Council
- Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHW): WHO (Geneva)
- WHO (Nigeria)
- Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria
- Northern Ireland Study of Mental Health: Health & Social Care Research & Development Division of the Public Health Agency
- Chinese World Mental Health Survey Initiative: Pfizer Foundation
- Shenzhen Mental Health Survey: Shenzhen Bureau of Health
- Shenzhen Bureau of Science, Technology, and Information
- Peruvian World Mental Health Study: National Institute of Health of the Ministry of Health of Peru
- Polish project Epidemiology of Mental Health and Access to Care - EZOP Poland: Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology in Warsaw, Department of Psychiatry - Medical University in Wroclaw
- National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw
- Psykiatrist Institut Vinderen Universitet, Oslo
- Norwegian Financial Mechanism
- European Economic Area Mechanism
- Polish Ministry of Health
- Portuguese Mental Health Study: Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon
- Portuguese Catholic University
- Champalimaud Foundation
- Gulbenkian Foundation
- Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT)
- Ministry of Health
- National School of Public Health & Health Services Management
- Ministry of Public Health
- US National Institute of Mental Health [R01-MH059575]
- National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA)
- South African Department of Health and the University of Michigan
- Medical Research Council (MRC) of South Africa
- Psychiatric Enquiry to General Population in Southeast Spain - Murcia (PEGASUS-Murcia) Project: Regional Health Authorities of Murcia (Servicio Murciano de Salud and Consejeria de Sanidad y Politica Social)
- Fundacion para la Formacion e Investigacion Sanitarias (FFIS) of Murcia
- National Institute of Mental Health [RO1-MH61905]
- US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R): NIMH [U01-MH60220]
- NIDA
- Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
- Robert Wood Johnson Foundation [044708]
- John W. Alden Trust
- NIMH [K01-MH092526]
- FOGARTY INTERNATIONAL CENTER [R03TW006481] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH [R01MH093612, R13MH066849, R01MH069864, R01MH070884, K01MH092526, U01MH060220, R01MH103291] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE [R01DA016558] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
Background. Considerable research has documented that exposure to traumatic events has negative effects on physical and mental health. Much less research has examined the predictors of traumatic event exposure. Increased understanding of risk factors for exposure to traumatic events could be of considerable value in targeting preventive interventions and anticipating service needs. Method. General population surveys in 24 countries with a combined sample of 68 894 adult respondents across six continents assessed exposure to 29 traumatic event types. Differences in prevalence were examined with cross-tabulations. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine whether traumatic event types clustered into interpretable factors. Survival analysis was carried out to examine associations of sociodemographic characteristics and prior traumatic events with subsequent exposure. Results. Over 70% of respondents reported a traumatic event; 30.5% were exposed to four or more. Five types - witnessing death or serious injury, the unexpected death of a loved one, being mugged, being in a life-threatening automobile accident, and experiencing a life-threatening illness or injury - accounted for over half of all exposures. Exposure varied by country, sociodemographics and history of prior traumatic events. Being married was the most consistent protective factor. Exposure to interpersonal violence had the strongest associations with subsequent traumatic events. Conclusions. Given the near ubiquity of exposure, limited resources may best be dedicated to those that are more likely to be further exposed such as victims of interpersonal violence. Identifying mechanisms that account for the associations of prior interpersonal violence with subsequent trauma is critical to develop interventions to prevent revictimization.
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