期刊
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
卷 69, 期 -, 页码 S10-S16出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu055
关键词
Aging; Stress resistance; Resilience; Stressors; Psychological stress
资金
- National Institute of Aging [R01 AG0333592-01A1, R01 AG030424-01A2, R01 HL 108821-01]
- National Institute of Mental Health [R01 MH083784-01A2]
- Larry L. Hillblom Foundation
- Glenn Foundation for Medical Research
- National Institutes of Health [AG042053-02]
The rate of biological aging is modulated in part by genes interacting with stressor exposures. Basic research has shown that exposure to short-term stress can strengthen cellular responses to stress (hormetic stress). Hormetic stress promotes longevity in part through enhanced activity of molecular chaperones and other defense mechanisms. In contrast, prolonged exposure to stress can overwhelm compensatory responses (toxic stress) and shorten lifespan. One key question is whether the stressors that are well understood in basic models of aging can help us understand psychological stressors and human health. The psychological stress response promotes regulatory changes important in aging (e. g., increases in stress hormones, inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin). The negative effects of severe stress are well documented in humans. Potential positive effects of acute stress (stress resistance) are less studied, especially at the cellular level. Can stress resistance slow the rate of aging in humans, as it does in model organisms? If so, how can we promote stress resistance in humans? We urge a new research agenda embracing the continuum from cellular stress to psychological stress, using basic and human research in tandem. This will require interdisciplinary novel approaches that hold much promise for understanding and intervening in human chronic disease.
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