期刊
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
卷 49, 期 -, 页码 1-16出版社
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2015.07.001
关键词
Cornea; Transparency; Structure; Collagen; X-ray; Three-dimensional electron microscopy; Theoretical modelling
资金
- MRC Programme [503626]
- Diamond Light Source
- ESRF
- Medical Research Council [MR/K000837/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- MRC [MR/K000837/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The corneal stroma plays several pivotal roles within the eye. Optically, it is the main refracting lens and thus has to combine almost perfect transmission of visible light with precise shape, in order to focus incoming light. Furthermore, mechanically it has to be extremely tough to protect the inner contents of the eye. These functions are governed by its structure at all hierarchical levels. The basic principles of corneal structure and transparency have been known for some time, but in recent years X-ray scattering and other methods have revealed that the details of this structure are far more complex than previously thought and that the intricacy of the arrangement of the collagenous lamellae provides the shape and the mechanical properties of the tissue. At the molecular level, modern technologies and theoretical modelling have started to explain exactly how the collagen fibrils are arranged within the stromal lamellae and how proteoglycans maintain this ultrastructure. In this review we describe the current state of knowledge about the three-dimensional stromal architecture at the microscopic level, and about the control mechanisms at the nanoscopic level that lead to optical transparency. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
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