期刊
JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
卷 25, 期 1, 页码 66-76出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jvs.12064
关键词
Community theory; C-S-R triangle; Environmental gradients; Expansion and extinction of communities; Facilitation; Hotspots of diversity; Simulation; Species distributions
资金
- Collaborative Research Center (CRC) [454]
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)
- French ANR [09 - STRA - 09 O2LA]
- project Postdoc USB [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0006]
- European Social Fund
- Czech State Budget
- State Key Program of National Natural Science of China [31230014]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [40901019, 31000203, 31000178]
- Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS)
QuestionWhat are the interacting effects of stress and disturbance on both competition and facilitation, and ultimately their impact on diversity and species ranges? LocationSimulated data. MethodWe extended the spatially explicit model of Xiao etal. (Oikos, 118, 2009, 1343) to consider how stress and disturbance - operating alone or together - affect species distributions through varying biotic interactions. ResultsIn the absence of facilitation, species ranges only occurred within the limits of a triangular zone, which can be considered equivalent to Grime's C-S-R triangle. Competitive species were distributed in low stress and disturbance conditions. Stress- and disturbance-tolerant species occurred in more stressed and disturbed environments. Species richness followed a hump-shaped relationship with a hotspot of diversity occurring close to the centre of the C-S-R triangle. In contrast, facilitation was able to dampen the negative impacts of stress and disturbance acting either solely or simultaneously, but this influence was not simply the sum of the effects of the processes operating independently on the two environmental gradients. Facilitation extended species distributions along both the stress and disturbance gradients and displaced the hotspot of diversity into the centre of the response surface. ConclusionsFacilitation was able to promote the occurrence and persistence of communities in highly stressed and disturbed conditions, i.e. allowing a stable community to exist beyond the limits of the C-S-R triangle. We also showed that facilitation can be an important mechanism driving the displacement of hotspots of diversity from benign toward intermediate stressed and disturbed environments.
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