期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 50, 页码 E7022-E7029出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1515170112
关键词
methylome; autotetraploid rice; gene expression; genome-dosage effect; transposable elements
资金
- Project of Innovation Team of Yunnan Province
- Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province [2015FA030]
- Top Talents Program of Yunnan Province [20080A009]
- Hundred Oversea Talents Program of Yunnan Province
- Key Project of Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province [2010CC011]
- Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences
Polyploidy, or whole-genome duplication (WGD), serves as a key innovation in plant evolution and is an important genomic feature for all eukaryotes. Neopolyploids have to overcome difficulties in meiosis, genomic alterations, changes of gene expression, and epigenomic reorganization. However, the underlying mechanisms for these processes are poorly understood. One of the most interesting aspects is that genome doubling events increase the dosage of all genes. Unlike allopolyploids entangled by both hybridization and polyploidization, autopolyploids, especially artificial lines, in relatively uniform genetic background offer a model system to understand mechanisms of genome-dosage effects. To investigate DNA methylation effects in response to WGD rather than hybridization, we produced autotetraploid rice with its diploid donor, Oryza sativa ssp. indica cv. Aijiaonante, both of which were independently self-pollinated over 48 generations, and generated and compared their comprehensive transcriptomes, base pair-resolution methylomes, and siRNAomes. DNA methylation variation of transposable elements (TEs) was observed as widespread in autotetraploid rice, in which hypermethylation of class II DNA transposons was predominantly noted in CHG and CHH contexts. This was accompanied by changes of 24-nt siRNA abundance, indicating the role of the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway. Our results showed that the increased methylation state of class II TEs may suppress the expression of neighboring genes in autotetraploid rice that has obtained double alleles, leading to no significant differences in transcriptome alterations for most genes from its diploid donor. Collectively, our findings suggest that chromosome doubling induces methylation variation in TEs that affect gene expression and may become a genome shock response factor to help neoautopolyploids adapt to genome-dosage effects.
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