期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 44, 页码 E6058-E6067出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1508080112
关键词
brain-computer interface; electroencephalogram; steady-state visual evoked potentials; joint frequency-phase modulation
资金
- National Basic Research Program (973) of China [2011CB933204]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61431007, 91220301]
- National High-Tech R&D Program (863) of China [2012AA011601]
- Recruitment Program for Young Professionals
- US Office of Naval Research Grant [N00014-08-1215]
- Army Research Office Grant [W911NF-09-1-0510]
- Army Research Laboratory Grant [W911NF-10-2-0022]
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Grant [USDI D11PC20183]
The past 20 years have witnessed unprecedented progress in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, low communication rates remain key obstacles to BCI-based communication in humans. This study presents an electroencephalogram-based BCI speller that can achieve information transfer rates (ITRs) up to 5.32 bits per second, the highest ITRs reported in BCI spellers using either noninvasive or invasive methods. Based on extremely high consistency of frequency and phase observed between visual flickering signals and the elicited single-trial steady-state visual evoked potentials, this study developed a synchronous modulation and demodulation paradigm to implement the speller. Specifically, this study proposed a new joint frequency-phase modulation method to tag 40 characters with 0.5-s-long flickering signals and developed a user-specific target identification algorithm using individual calibration data. The speller achieved high ITRs in online spelling tasks. This study demonstrates that BCIs can provide a truly naturalistic high-speed communication channel using noninvasively recorded brain activities.
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