期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 112, 期 39, 页码 12122-12126出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1512110112
关键词
lipid pump; lipid shunt; carbon sequestration; Calanus; annual migration
资金
- Danish Council for Strategic Research under the North Atlantic-Arctic Coupling in a Changing Climate: Impacts on Ocean Circulation, Carbon Cycling and Sea-Ice
- European Union [ENV.2010.2.2.1-1]
- Marine Science and Technology Scotland pooling scheme (Scottish Funding Council) [HR09011]
- Villum Fonden [00007178] Funding Source: researchfish
Estimates of carbon flux to the deep oceans are essential for our understanding of global carbon budgets. Sinking of detrital material (biological pump) is usually thought to be the main biological component of this flux. Here, we identify an additional biological mechanism, the seasonal lipid pump, which is highly efficient at sequestering carbon into the deep ocean. It involves the vertical transport and metabolism of carbon rich lipids by over-wintering zooplankton. We show that one species, the copepod Calanus finmarchicus overwintering in the North Atlantic, sequesters an amount of carbon equivalent to the sinking flux of detrital material. The efficiency of the lipid pump derives from a near-complete decoupling between nutrient and carbon cycling-a lipid shunt, and its direct transport of carbon through the mesopelagic zone to below the permanent thermocline with very little attenuation. Inclusion of the lipid pump almost doubles the previous estimates of deep-ocean carbon sequestration by biological processes in the North Atlantic.
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